Inside The Mind Of Gabi

Wake Up And See The World

Category: History 12

I’m Thinking About How The Video Killed The Radio Star

We all have seen music videos, whether we found them on Youtube, on Facebook, or seen them featured on MTV: The Original Music Video Screening Program. If any of you love music as much as I do, we don’t always need a video to go along with a song in order to understand what it means. But sometimes it is refreshing to see what goes on in the entertainer’s mind when they create their music and what story they are trying to tell.

I explored the history and rationale behind MTV and the music video, and decided that they were revolutionary to music culture on a global and basically universal level, but they most definitely made some controversial mistakes along the way.

MTV was a powerful invention in the world of music, and brought a new outlook and challenge to the industry. Although it exposed the world to the music video and their artists, it was ultimately wrong in the initial segregation of the racial differences of the world’s artists. MTV was introduced in 1980, but the music video itself originates from an earlier time, where it was much less successful due to only occasional airings on weekly pop shows on TV stations around the world. There was a shift in the dynamic of music culture; An artist had to be married to the presentation of their song and the song itself, and had to create an engaging way to portray a story in order for the video to be a success. There was a second British Invasion with a new wave of bands from England on MTV, which all seemed to be at a higher caliber than the music in the US.

These artists cast a shadow over the “underground” and “soulful” music of the United States, and many talented African Americans weren’t featured on the programs. There was a fear of conservative, white Americans’ disapproval of “coloured people” being shown on TV, nevertheless being celebrated and listened to. The producers of MTV didn’t want to shock the audiences with “black music” and their talents. All in all, the raw American music was extremely underrepresented and huge artists like Michael Jackson could barely get  featured on MTV. He was the Man of the eEighties, and when MTV finally aired his songs, they realized he was the artist that their program didn’t know they needed. He, along with many others, started a revolution for black artists on MTV, and gave a much wider variety of musicians the opportunity to show what they had to offer on TV and in their music.

The Heart of Cuba: A PLP 12 Adventure

Hola mis amigos! Welcome to another one of my blog posts, this one being a little bit more interesting than usual. You may be wondering why I opened this post in Spanish, the main reason being that for our Grade 12 PLP trip (the last one ever), we travelled to the bright and bustling land of Cuba for TWO WHOLE WEEKS! This trip was fast-paced, eye-opening, and completely unforgettable. It gave me a new lens when I look at the world, and showed me that not everything I hear about or assume is true at all. 

In preparation for this trip, we had to actually know what we were going down to study and see. Personally, I knew absolutely nothing about any Cuban history, so I knew I needed to work hard on getting a grasp on the rich knowledge of the country, in order to work on our projects being introduced. In class, we were looking at the Iranian Revolution (in-depth) and actually weren’t introduced to the Cuban Revolution until a while later, basically until we were leaving for our trip. We were told to watch an 8-series documentary called “Cuba Libre”, which was extremely interesting, but simultaneously time consuming. I would have watched them all, if I had more time to do so.

Our projects were all based around the Cuban Revolution and how a movement or struggle can unite a group or people. We were tasked with creating a “coffee-table” styled book, to depict the important events of the Revolution, and tell the story through different historical lenses. It was broken up into chapters, each group creating a different chapter using a different historical lens. Anatolia and I ended up working together for our part of the book, which is both a blessing and a curse. We work well and hard together, but basically only when we are feeling like it. I’ll touch back on this in a bit.

The trip itself was a breathtaking experience with many ups and downs and wild adventures. We were fortunate enough to have an experienced and knowledgable guide, Alastair, travelling with us through the country. This was a huge help when it came to things we didn’t know or had questions about, because he was there to answer with, what seemed like, WIKI articles for just about anything. He also coordinated our whole trip itinerary, and knew the best things to see, places to eat, and things to buy. It was so valuable to have him guide us through Cuba, and reveal all the hidden gems that this underrated country had to offer us. 

Let me just say, Cuba is not all you might imagine it to be. If you have ever travelled there, you may have only been to Varadero Beach and explored the resorts and lovely shoreline, or to the capital, Havana, and felt the bustle of the city. There is so much more to Cuba beyond Varadero, obviously, but I never really thought of it. This coastline is what you see advertised in the media, so I assumed that was it. But when we were there, taking a bus from Havana, to Cienfuegos, to Trinidad, to Santa Clara, to Viñales, back to Havana, and then to Varadero Beach, I was alive with wonder, curiosity, and pure amazement of this place around me. Everything we saw was significant to the history in some way, and this was both shocking and brilliant at once. 

While on the trip, we were given time to work on our projects (the one that Anatolia and I were working on together). Our first idea for the event we were going to research was the shifts in the Cuban Economy before and after the Cuban Revolution, which was very broad, and not necessarily something either of us were interested in. We also were tasked with looking at this event through a historical significance lens, which I found to be a great lens to be looking through. We slowly started our work reluctantly, and were silently on the lookout for a better topic. This topic ended up right under our feet on the trip on a little outing we took on one of our last days in Havana. We were hiking in the middle of Cuban jungle (it seemed) and were hot, sticky, and on the verge of heat stroke. Alastair was leading us to a real decommissioned bunker used to store weapons during the Cuban Missile Crisis. We we reached the very well hidden house of concrete, Anatolia and I knew this was so much cooler than our previous topic. I knew for sure that this was what I wanted to cover in our book chapter. So we shifted our ideas, research, and information to fit with our new story of how the bunker was a significant piece of Cuban History, and were thriving in our newfound interest. 

Because of the fact that we changed our topic so late in the trip, we didn’t have the wide variety of media and visuals that we had hoped for, to add to our book. But with photo and video from everyone else on the trip, we ended up having just enough to create a product that we are both very proud of.

I Came, I Facilitated, I Conquered!

Recently in PLP, our grading/workload shifted once again, and now we have three new baseline assignments that we need to complete before the end of GRADE 12 HISTORY! This post is all about one of those assignments, a concept called Facilitation Friday which is basically where each of us researches a topic discussed in class. We then are to present a background of the history, and instigate a class fish-bowl discussion based off of inquiry questions we created to share. I used Keynote as my form of visuals, and used many photos while I spoke to successfully et my point across.

Battle Of The Sexes Keynote

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This last week in class, we talked about Women and Equality Rights as a part of a growing empowerment movement in the 60’s and 70’s. This is the topic I chose for my Facilitation Friday. I found interest in the fight for equality and the ideologies of the 70’s, being  conservative traditional views vs. new age activists. I wanted to know more about the struggle, and be able to at least attempt to put myself in the shoes of the insanely strong and powerful women of the time, who ended up starting the movement that has continued up until now, and most definitely in the future. 

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Women were feeling very unfulfilled simply looking after the house, feeding the children, and being treated like they were incapable and inferior to men. Despite making up more than half the American population, women were not admitted to colleges at the same rate as men or allowed equal pay or job opportunities. They were suffering through a silent struggle, alone and unhappy. But as these feelings began to spread and voices began to be heard, we saw these concerns become a whole movement to improve and implement equality and anti-discrimination laws. 

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The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), which states that “equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex,” was originally introduced to Congress in 1923 — three years after women gained the right to vote – – yet was never passed by Congress.

The National Organization for Women, which was founded in 1966 and advocated for a “fully equal partnership of the sexes,” soon expressed their support of the ERA and made it a priority of the movement to pass the Amendment. As the feminist wave swept across the country, the support for ERA picked up even more steam. It seemed like there was going to be equal rights for the sexes, until the advancements hit a bump in the road. 

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Meet Phyllis Schlafly, a staunch conservative woman, with firm beliefs that the ERA was the worst thing to happen to women ever. Schlafly began speaking to the all the white, privileged women who felt that the feminist movement was not for them — women who enjoyed their roles as mothers and housewives, or simply were used to traditional ideals between being a woman or a man. She rallied together anti-ERA women, and instilled to them that the amendment would strip away any protections that women had, like child support and exemption from military drafts. 

 

As Phyllis Schlafly resisted against the movement, the ERA was only three state votes away from being passed, and in order to band together feminists and activists of the nation, the National Women’s Conference was formed. This was a giant protest and activist rally, to let the world know that women were going to fight the system in order to see a change towards their eduction, job opportunities, and rights to control their own bodies. 

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After the National Women’s conference, many women left feeling empowered and that they had made large advancements for the movement, but this momentum did not lead to more votes for the ERA. The amendment did not go through, and is still not passed even today. 

This struggle for equal rights has continued through the decades, and still continues today in our own lives as we see examples such as the countless women’s marches taking place across the world, or the Time’s Up Movement standing up for women and their right to protect their bodies from people who have no right to be there. 

After I talked about the history of my topic, and explained why it was a significant event of our history in the western world, I then began a discussion with the class. I was supposed to ask at least three questions for us to ponder as a group, but because of shortages of time, I only got to ask two out of the three. 

My original questions were:
  • How was this movement a success, despite the ERA never being passed in congress? Why was it a significant piece of our past present, and future?
  • Do we see similar figures to Phyllis Schlafly in politics today? Are they similar in their manipulative natures and appeal to certain groups of people?
  • Without the movement for Equal Rights for the Sexes, how do you think society would be different? Would we be living like the 50’s housewives, or do you think a movement or revolution would have been inevitable whether it was in the 70’s, 90’s or today? Why or why not?

I enjoyed curating these questions, not only for the class, but for myself to think about as well. 

The movement, although not achieving what was set out to achieve, was a large building block in the fight for equal rights of genders. The women of the 60’s and 70’s questioned the government and it’s values, and demanded a change for the betterment of society. They faced opposition that argued that “their lives were perfectly fine and didn’t need to be changed”, but the activists knew that fear was what was driving their movement to a stop. Regardless of whether the ERA was passed in congress or not, it taught women, or any minority, that they have a voice and that if they want to see change in the world, they have to stand up and face the oppression. Unfortunately the ERA has yet to be accepted as an amendment in the United States, but the feminist movement has arisen, and I do not doubt it will be a success for women soon enough.

So, how did my presentation go?

On the day I was scheduled to have my presentation, there were also four of my classmates presenting their own Facilitation Friday topics. Now that may sound like a lot, but our teachers had already established that each presentation is only supposed to last 15 minutes, so we would have plenty of time to get through everyone’s. At least I thought….

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By the time it was my turn (at the end), I had 8 minutes to give my 15 minute presentation, and to say the least, I was a bit disappointed. I had worked very hard to understand and feel confident with my topic, and had prepared my notes and presentation to fit the original timeline perfectly. So getting up to present with basically all of the allotted timeline used up was plainly disappointing. Regardless, I swiftly and promptly altered my notes to fit the time I had been given, and I am very proud of the presentation I gave. I think I spoke clearly and informatively, and know that I was very familiar with the topic and felt passion for what I was talking about. I lead the discussion well, and knew exactly which questions I would ask to prompt a good conversation, even in the quick time. Not only was I proud of my work in my own presentation, but I felt I did well contributing to others’ discussions. I felt I could share my thoughts and opinions, and made some good connections to outside sources. 

With all of this said, I was expecting a relatively good mark, as I had done the best I could do, and I felt great about the quality of my work. When I received my feedback, it was all positive, but I was left wondering why a received an At Standard. Don’t get me wrong, I’m not fishing for a better mark because I feel entitled or absolutely deserving, because I’m okay with the mark I received. I would just like to better understand the differentiation between an At Standard mark and an Above Standard. This difference seems to be a bit of a grey area to me; If I am missing out on a higher mark I would be interested to know why. 

Anyways, to conclude, although I was unsure of this assignment when it was introduced, I was overall very happy with the effort I put into the work, and was proud of the final product. I think the presentation and discussion left the class with ideas and topics to think about and ponder for themselves, which means that my job was a success!

Actress Turned Princess: The Legacy of Grace Kelly

I’m finally back with another blog post, this one of extreme interest to me. In class, we are currently discussing 20th century history, recently the 1960’s. So in this post, I’m looking into the life of Princess Grace Kelly, and how her marriage into the royal family of Monaco changed her career in an interesting manner. 

We all look up to celebrities (don’t deny it), as they are the ones we watch on TV, hear about on the radio, and read about in every magazine. They are fascinating, entertaining, and secretly everything we want to be. For some, maybe it’s because you want to live in a mansion, or go to award shows every night, or travel around on a private plane, but for others, celebrities are like role models, in that their choices in life inspire us to leave our own legacies on people we impact in our lives. 

Grace Kelly was born in Philadelphia on November 12, 1929. Her father, John Brendan Kelly, won three Olympic gold medals as part of the U.S. rowing team and owned one of the most successful brick businesses on the East Coast. Her mother, Margaret Katherine Majer, was the first coach of women’s athletic teams at the University of Pennsylvania. Regardless of her family’s sporty background, Grace expressed a passion for performance and the arts as a child, and participated in school and community plays and productions. She had a good introduction to the arts in her family as her two uncles both heavily influenced her; one a performer and the other a winning playwright.  

Grace Kelly was a perfect candidate for the world of entertainment; She was gorgeous,  talented, and humble. She had it all… except for her parents’ approval of her dreams. Her father was particularly unhappy with her decision to become an actress, and viewed the occupation to be “a slim cut above streetwalker”. Despite this disapproval from her family, Grace continuously built up her reputation as a hopeful actress beginning with her enrolment in the American Academy of Dramatic Arts, in New York City. After graduating from the Academy at age 19, Kelly looked for a career on Broadway, but found it difficult. Don Richardson, one of her directors and teachers, later said, “She would never have had a career in the theatre,” because she had “great looks and style, yes, but no vocal horsepower.”

Grace Kelly moved on to become a successful model and Academy Award winning actress. She starred in a large amount of films, many receiving high praise and some Academy Awards. Examples include:

Rear Window (1954) Alfred Hitchcock

The Country Girl (1954) George Seaton

To Catch a Thief (1955) Alfred Hitchcock 

At this point in her career, Grace was one of the highest paid and most respected actresses in the world. In 1955, she was asked to join the United States Delegation Committee at the Cannes Film Festival in France. During a photo shoot there, she met Prince Rainier III of Monaco, who happened to be searching a wife at the time. If he didn’t produce an heir to the throne, Monaco would become part of France. Of course, they bonded and ended up engaged soon after meeting. 

When she became a Princess, Grace Kelly’s acting career was virtually ended, and she could no longer follow her dreams. (This is a similar case to Meghan Markle, who just recently became the Duchess of Sussex. She has basically given up her life as an actress for princess hood.) She was also stripped of her American citizenship, and Prince Rainier banned her films from being played or shown in Monaco. 

There were many attempts from Hollywood directors to bring Princess Grace back into the limelight of the film industry. Alfred Hitchcock offered Kelly the lead in his film Marnie in 1962. She was eager, but public outcry in Monaco against her involvement in a film where she would play a kleptomaniac made her reconsider and ultimately reject the project. During her marriage, Kelly was unable to continue her acting career. Though some believe she deeply missed her life as an actress, she often spoke of the many problems inside the film industry: “Hollywood amuses me. Holier-than-thou for the public and unholier-than-the-devil in reality.” Instead, she performed her daily duties as princess and became involved in philanthropic work.

She founded AMADE Mondiale, a Monaco-based non-profit organization that was eventually recognized by the UN as a Non-Governmental organization. It promoted and protected the “moral and physical integrity” and “spiritual well-being of children throughout the world, without distinction of race, nationality or religion and in a spirit of complete political independence.” Grace was also driven to improve arts institutions throughout Monaco, forming the Princess Grace Foundation in 1964 to support local artisans and dreamers. The Princess Grace Foundation-USA was created, after her death, to continue the work she had done throughout her life; assisting emerging theatre, dance and film artists in America. Grace Kelly was one of the first celebrities to support and speak on behalf of La Leche League, an organization that advocates breastfeeding. She also planned yearly Christmas parties for local orphanages and orphaned children. 

Grace Kelly was not a shadow of Hollywood, nor was she remotely selfish or ignorant of the  problems taking place around her. She was aware, kind, and willing to help the world. At the time of her death, Kelly and one of her daughters, Princess Stéphanie, were in a car when Grace suffered a stroke and steered them both off of the road. Both women were rushed to the hospital on September 13, 1982, where Princess Grace spent 24 hours in a coma before being taken off life support by her husband, at the age of 52. This was a tragedy, not simply for her family, or even Monaco, but for the world. They had lost a shining star, on and off the screen.

Princess Grace remains an admired figure to this day, as she was an example of the actress, princess, and good samaritan all in one. She is what so many young people aspire to achieve, as she truly followed her dreams and got to high places in life. Grace set a high bar for success, and inspires the successful modern woman. Though most of us can only dream of the success she achieved in her career, she has taught women of this era a many thing. Grace was determined to make it on her own, without the help of her family’s wealth or approval (so fight for your dreams ladies!). We can take away her art of negotiation and direction, as she used to direct her own contracts and arguments with companies like MGM, at a time when the studio was the BOSS. And finally, she showed us that it pays to be kind, graceful, and empathetic, because look what came about when she was. I’m not saying that we will all become actresses then princesses, but by using Grace as a distant role model, we can go through life impacting people in positive ways, leaving our own legacy.

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Inside The Life Of Gabi: A Snapshot

I consider myself a pretty interesting person with quite a noteworthy history to look back on already, at age 18. I’m a citizen of two very different countries on two different continents, I’m half French, and I was born on the year of the millennium. These among many other parts of my life have become my own personal history. But how I view my own history can be very different from what my mom sees, or my brother, or my best friend. Experiences can affect us differently, and can sometimes cloud our judgement of certain events.

Here are just some little snapshots from my life 🙂

To carry on our history learning, we switched to looking at our own personal history and chose four different events in our lives to recall and represent in this post. I decided to make a brochure of Gabi’s Most Memorable Moments.

As I look back on four different events that I feel have shaped who I am, I have come to realize that the memories are hazy, or that I simply cannot hope to remember the specifics. Throughout my life, I have relied on the stories those close to me have told, or used pictures to connect the dots for certain events. Once we hear or see these pieces of evidence, we might choose to place our own opinion or bias on what we ‘think’ happened, compared to what actually happened.

I was not too sure about the specifics of my birth, though I have been told a few stories that have stuck with me (see above brochure). To compare my secondary story to my mom’s, who definitely is a primary source, I have conducted a short interview to examine how close our stories match, if not at all.

(Podcast)

 

Civil Rights Through Historical Lenses

We have finally finished English 12, after writing our Provincial exam, and have now flipped onto the History 12 side of our PLP course. History is something that everyone knows and considers when moving forwards in their lives…or is it? There are many aspects of history that we do not consider or think about, let alone the several different ways to take a look at historical events themselves.

To start off our journey into history, we were tasked with creating our own definition of what history really is, in small groups. Here’s what we all came up with:

 

  • History is often the worst parts of the past that we are able to recognize in the present.
  • History is a study of the past looked at by a new perspective, often written by the victors
  • History is a collection of interpreted, undefined events that gives purpose to our lives and our future.
  • The study of history tells a story of past events based on knowledgeable investigation.
  • History is the study of the past told through a narration of events. Which, in turn, allows for a dialogue between the past and present, to further establish our knowledge of people and major events.
  • History is a biography of humanity and our past chronicles made up of what we remember, not what we thought.

After creating this shell, we then were assigned a historical lens, through which the world analyzes history, and put together a short, informative presentation to the class. We explained the type of analysis and gave examples of how to use it, in order to determine what history truly is. So in this post, I am going to be taking a look at a certain point in history, and examining it using these different lenses.

I’m sure many, if not all, of you have heard of the Civil Rights Movement that spread throughout the United States of America in the 1950’s and beyond. There were many different pieces and events that occurred through the years of fighting and protesting, which was started by thousands of African Americans in the U.S. One that I will be analyzing is a certain protest that had a massive impact on the movement, especially towards the push for the African American right to vote, and drastically affected the lives of thousands of people. This was the first March from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama, known as Bloody Sunday.

Cause and Consequence:
Before Bloody Sunday, the Civil Rights Movement in America had been alive and fighting for years, each event and protest directed at a different cause and hope for social reform. The voting rights of African Americans in the U.S had constantly been a problem, and had become an outlet for discrimination and racism against those who were not considered racially superior. The march known as Bloody Sunday had sprouted from feelings of outrage and oppression due to the lack of rights available to African Americans. It was also sparked by the death of Jimmie Lee Jackson, who was killed by a white officer in a voting rights protest in February of the same year.

Lyndon B Johnson signing the Voting Rights Act in 1965

Fighting back with this march created considerable consequences on the Civil Rights Movement; on March 15, eight days after watching the violence, President Lyndon B. Johnson presented a bill to Congress that would become the Voting Rights Act* of 1965. But this achievement did not come without extreme hardships and losses.

Historical Significance:

On March 7th, 1965, roughly 600 marchers began a journey from Selma to Montgomery, a march organized to promote black voter registration and to protest the killing of a young African American man, Jimmie Lee Jackson. As they crossed the Edmund Pettus Bridge, the marchers faced a line of state and local police officers who ordered them to halt and turn around. Leader of the marchers, John Lewis refused their “orders”, and Bloody Sunday commenced. The non-violent protestors were beaten with clubs and clouded with tear gas. They were thrown into cars and chased by officers on horseback. The remaining marchers who were well enough to walk, retreated from the bridge and headed back to their beginning point. This attack left over 50 people hospitalized, and the remaining, mentally scarred. This eye-opening event was televised around the world and many people were appalled at what they were witnessing. Martin Luther King called for civil rights activists to come and support the cause by banding together in Selma for a second march, and eventually a third. Bloody Sunday, and the following marches, are well known in the western world and contributed greatly to the Civil Rights cause and its future endeavours. Bloody Sunday became a reminder of America’s flaws and discrimination, and opened a new direction that the nation could take to create an equal life for all.

Change and Continuity:
This march was a horrific turning point in history, where racial segregation and racial injustice were exposed and televised across the world. People were able to grasp what conditions were truly like in America for those who were not racially superior, and experience the hate and oppression African Americans were facing on a daily basis. It changed the way people looked at Americans, and lead to the second March on Selma, where Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. marched along with thousands of others, to the Capitol of Montgomery, Alabama. Although Bloody Sunday was a brutal piece of Civil Rights history, it pushed the movement in a positive direction, and was the spark that contributed to the passage of the Voting Rights Act later in the year.

Evidence and Interpretation:

Firsthand footage was taken on the Edmund Pettus Bridge on March 7th, 1965. Bloody Sunday took place in front of a lens of a camera, which allowed for us to now have access to an extremely valuable primary source, in order to look back on the historical event. There are also survivors of this brutal event, that share their story and recount their role in history that took place on the bridge in Selma. They continue to bring the event to life, in ways that books or pictures may not. Bloody Sunday was televised, but it was also furiously written about in newspapers, magazines, and other writing platforms. In 1965, Life magazine covered the story and released the truth, from the eyes of those who experienced the march.

This spread offered 7 million readers the opportunity to see what it meant to be black in America in 1965, something that many had not been able to read before. It featured many images of violence, solidarity, prayer and resilience, which ultimately resulted in a movement of social change. Publishing’s such as the one in Life Magazine give us a way to look back on an event with an objective eye and to see the whole story, and the big picture.

Historical Perspective:
Today, the world is constantly changing and developing, due to technology and an acceptance for diversity and differences throughout the world’s population.

When we look back on events like the Civil Rights Movement and specifically, Bloody Sunday, of course we are appalled at the treatment of humankind, regardless of their race or any other diversification that was used to categorize people in the past. We tend to look at history using judgements from the present and how it would seem if it were happening today. Back in 1965, I’m sure many people would have reacted the same way we do today to the events that occurred on the Edmund Pettus Bridge, but there may have been more of a tolerance for that behaviour, as it was not an uncommon occurrence. Looking at Bloody Sunday using historical perspective can give us a better understanding of the time period’s reaction to the event. People were just beginning to figure out how racism was affecting the oppressed in the United States, and many may not have been able to voice their opinions as we are so free to do today. White supremacy still compelled many in the Deep South, and the Civil Rights Movement struggled against most of white America. Bloody Sunday was just one of countless violent events of the time, yet slowly but surely, the terrible losses began resulting in steps forward for the movement.

Ethical Judgements:
After analyzing primary and secondary sources based on the happenings of Bloody Sunday, it is now time to determine my own ethical judgment on the event. It was a terrible, shameful part of the world’s history, but it was simultaneously an event to celebrate the resilience and bravery of those who took part, and ultimately carried on the movement of social awakening and change. It opened the eyes of many across the nation and world, and without it, civil rights may very well not be in the shape and form it is today. It has shown us the worst of humanity, and the strongest who face the terror head-on, for the good of generations to come. So yes, Bloody Sunday helped the the Civil Rights Movement by sparking the passing of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, but it also taught us how courage, non-violence, and unity create a strong society.

By using all six historical lenses and thinking like a historian, I have been able to determine my own outlook on Bloody Sunday, and its affects on our history. These steps are crucial in order to properly analyze historical events, and help us to dive deeper and fully understand the “who, what, where, when, why, and how”. It can be difficult to make sense of history, but after this process, it becomes easier to learn about the world’s past, present, and future.

 

*The Voting Rights Act: It outlawed discriminatory voting laws that had kept black people off the voting rolls and provided for federal examiners to oversee voter registration in areas where voting rights were endangered.

 

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