The Story of Trayvon Martin & Emmet Till

Today I will be answering the question of “how an individual can change a system”. Through the stories of Trayvon Martin and Emmett Till we will see how tragedy can spark protest against a system, and challenge how that system works.

Their Stories

Emmett Till, a young African American boy who grew up on the south side of Chicago. He attended a segregated school and was described as loveable, kind and funny by friends and family. He grew up along side his hard working mother, Mamie Carthan Till-Mobley. During the summer of 1955 he was invited to go up to Money, Mississippi to visit his relatives. Before he left by train, his mother warned him of the dangers of Mississippi. A boy like him could be lynched for simply glancing at a white woman. Emmetts mother was worried he would get himself into trouble because of his charismatic, friendly personality. Emmett arrived in Mississippi with his luggage, and an initialed ring wrapped around his middle finger. This ring was given to him by his father before he was killed in Italy. Emmett arrived at the house he would be staying at, a few days went by. On August 24th, him, his cousins and some friends wandered through town. They came across Bryant’s corner store, they proceeded to go inside and buy candy from the white woman behind the counter. As they left Emmett apparently whistled at her (later we will find out that this was not true, she fabricated the story to make a stronger testimony). The boys hurried out of there in fear of what would happen to them. Days went by, they eventually forgot what had happened. August 28th, the boys were sleeping when they heard a loud knock on the door. Roy Bryant (the woman's husband) had heard about how Emmett had allegedly spoken to his wife. Him and his brother in law J.W Milam, enraged, demanded to see the boys. Despite protest and panic, the pair had managed to force Emmett into their car. After driving around Memphis they stopped at their property and began beating Till senseless in their toolshed. They then dumped him in the Tallahatchie river. Three days later his body was found, waterlogged, disfigured, basically unidentifiable except for one small detail, a ring. The ring, that as a young boy Emmett had tried on everyday until he was finally big enough for his fingers to fit. Emmett was beyond thrilled when he was able to show off his ring that once was his fathers. Now he lays still with that same ring wrapped around his middle finger.
Trayvon Martin, a 17 year old African American boy who grew up in Miami Gardens, Florida with his mother Sybrina Fulton. Martin was athletic, tall and enjoyed skiing and horseback riding. His favourite subjects in school were math, he was highly interested in aviation and potentially becoming a pilot. He attended Krop Senior High School, were he had just received a ten day suspension. The suspension stemmed from the discovery of drug residue in Martin's book bag. After being suspended he went to visit his father in Sanford, Florida. His father, Tracy Martin lived in a gated community called The Retreat at Twin Lakes. On February 26th Trayvon left his house to go to a local corner store. At 7:09 he left the store with iced tea and skittles in a bag, he phoned his girlfriend while he was walking home. Across the street, George Zimmerman (president of the neighbourhood watch) was watching Trayvon suspiciously. At 7:11 pm Zimmerman contacted the police department and reported a “suspicious guy with a hood”. Martin felt uncomfortable walking so began to run home, George became more suspicious so began to follow him disregarding the dispatchers orders. After a few minutes the neighbours heard yelling and quite a few pleas for help. Concerned by the amount of noise, the neighbours called dispatch and reported the incident. All the sudden three shots were fired, then silence. 7:17 pm, the sound of sirens echoed through the neighbourhood. The police arrived at the scene to find Trayvon laying on the ground with a wound in his chest. He was later pronounced dead.

How They Changed The System

Mamie, Emmett’s mother had made a very important decision after Emmett’s death. She had decided that his funeral would be open casket. The story of how Emmett Till was brutally murdered would not be hidden to the public eye. In the days leading to the funeral, Emmets’s story and pictures of his body were released in a magazine called “jet”. The media picked up on the story and news travelled fast. Two weeks after Emmett was buried the two defendants (Milam and Bryant) were put on trial in a segregated court house in Mississippi. The NAACP searched for witnesses who were willing to risk their lives in order to find justice. After some time they were able to find witnesses who would give their statements, then flea the state (in case the KKK went looking for them). On September 23rd, the two were found not guilty because the state had failed to prove the identity of the body. This sparked national outrage, and some 100 days after the murder, Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on the bus. Reverend Jesse Jackson told Vanity Fair (1988) that;

“Rosa said she thought about going to the back of the bus. But then she thought about Emmett Till and she couldn’t do it.”

Eight years later, on the anniversary of Emmett Till’s murder, Martin Luther King delivered his iconic “I Have a Dream” speech.

Without the tragic events of Emmett Till’s death, the bus boycott could’ve never began the way it did. The movement that changed a system in its entirety was propelled by the idea that Emmett was part of a bigger plan.

After George Zimmerman was found innocent, a group of African American woman began a movement called #blacklivesmatter to respect lives like Martins. Today the movement is known nation wide, and has the potential to become this generations Civil Rights Movement. The movement organizes protests addressing racial injustices.

Martin was slain by George Zimmerman because of an assumption he made. He saw a young African American teen, with a hoodie on, walking around at night and immediately made the assumption he was up to no good. To protest against this racial profiling, thousands of people posted on social media pictures of themselves wearing hoodies. Below is a famous picture of Trayvon Martin’s lawyers supporting the movement by wearing hoodies to court.

Trayvon Martin’s tragic death has sparked a new civil rights movement. Today, people across the nation are protesting under the movement name #blacklivesmatter, inspired by Martin. The movement is revealing the corrupt system America is being supported by each day. Without the injustices that took place, none of this would have been as powerful as it was.

Comparisons

Below is an image I created of Trayvon and Emmett. The collage shows some differences and comparisons so we can further analyze how these two individuals changed systems with their tragic stories.

On the left side of the collage we see a glimpse of Trayvon Martin’s story, and on the right we see Emmett Till’s story. Both sides include pictures of parents effected by the tragedy, and an open casket. The important part of their stories is really how they sparked outrage and protest through the injustices. For Trayvon it was the #blacklives matter movement, and for Emmett Till it was inspiring Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King. This collage really portrays the similarities between the two stories. I wanted to create this as a way to show people that although there has been change, there has not been enough. Minority groups are still treated the same way as they are before, the laws have changed but the mindset of people hasn’t.

These two stories of tragedy are very similar, they both challenge a system by sparking protest. Emmetts story propelled and inspired Dr. King and Rosa Parks to challenge the system. Trayvon has inspired a generation to stand up for black lives, to challenge the system. The two boys were separated by a thousand miles, two state borders, and nearly six decades, but were somehow still able to connect and inspire people all over the world. Their stories will be remembered for generations to come as the inspiration to the greatest Civil Rights Movements in history.

https://www.cnn.com/2013/06/05/us/trayvon-martin-shooting-fast-facts/index.html https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/trayvon-martin https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2012/03/what-happened-trayvon-martin-explained/ https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2012/03/what-happened-trayvon-martin-explained/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmett_Till https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/emmett-till-1 https://www.biography.com/people/emmett-till-507515 https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/12/us/emmett-till-death-investigation.html https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/emmett-tills-casket-goes-to-the-smithsonian-144696940/ https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/till-timeline/
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